Tarikh Al-sudan English Translation Pdf -

While not English, the French translation by Houdas is available as a free PDF via:

Before hunting for the PDF, it is essential to understand the document’s weight. The Tarikh al-Sudan (literally "History of the Sudan," with "Sudan" referring to the Bilad al-Sudan or "Land of the Blacks") covers the history of the Songhai Empire, the Mali Empire, and the city-states of the Middle Niger, especially Timbuktu and Jenne. tarikh al-sudan english translation pdf

Written in 1655, al-Sa’di’s work provides detailed accounts of: While not English, the French translation by Houdas

Alongside its companion chronicle, the Tarikh al-Fattash, the Tarikh al-Sudan forms the textual backbone of medieval West African history. Alongside its companion chronicle, the Tarikh al-Fattash ,

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Tarikh al-Sudan (The History of Sudan) is a 17th-century chronicle written in Arabic by the West African scholar Abd al-Rahman al-Sa'di (often rendered as al-Sadi or al-Sādi). It covers the history of the Songhay Empire and succeeding states in West Africa (centered on Gao, Timbuktu, and surrounding regions) from early Islamic times through the late 16th–early 17th century, with particular emphasis on the Askia dynasty and Moroccan invasion (1591) and its aftermath. The work is one of the major primary sources for Sahelian history and provides valuable local perspectives on politics, trade, scholarship, and society in the western Sudan.

Another contemporary chronicle by Mahmud Kati. John Hunwick also worked on this. Often, search engines confuse the two. If you want a PDF of the Tarikh al-Fattash (also vital for Songhai history), look for the translation by D. T. Niane.